Corner joinery in sash



1952 w. P. KESS'LER 2, 7,

CORNER JOINERY m SASH Filed Oct. 2, 1946 ,s Sheets-Sn 1 ATTORNEY Nov.11,1952

W. P. KESSLER CORNER JOINERY IN SASH 3 Sheets-Sneet 2 Filed Oct. 2, 1946IN V EN TOR.

Nov. 11, 1952 W. P. KESSLER CORNER JOINERY IN SASH 3 Sheets-Sheet 3Filed Oct. 2, 1946 INVENTOR. j W ZZZTTOPNEY Patented Nov. 11, 1952UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CORNER J OINERY IN SASH Ward P. Kessler,Bristol, Ind., assignor to Victor M. Langsett, Chicago, 111., as trusteeApplication October 2, 1946, Serial No. 700,693

cross-member, forming a corner of the sash, and I imparting rigidity byimpinging or embossing a portion of the structure or by mechanical meansand covering the upper orifice in the perpendicular rail. Y 1

Another object is to provide a satisfactory corner structure in windowsash by interlocking the end of a rail and the end of a cross-member,taking advantage of the rigidity resulting from the form of the members,and the method of telescoping and positioning said members.

Another object is to provide mechanical as-' sembly thereby avoidingwelding or brazing themembers.

Another object is to permit the surface finishing of the members beforeassembly.

Further objects and advantages of the inven-- tion will be apparent fromthe following specification and the accompanying drawings, wherein apreferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sash rail and cross-member joined,disclosing the ends of said members telescoped forming a corner of thesash;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of an assembled sash corner andparticularly illustrating .the method of impinging and embossing therail to give rigidity to the structure.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the means used to cover the upperopening in the perpendicular rail.

Figure 5 is a vertical view, partly in section, showing the said coverin position.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a sash rail and cross-member joineddisclosing the adaptation of a structural form of the members varyingfrom that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the assembled to improvements in the 7Claims. (01. 189-76) 2 sash corner using the structural form shown inFigures 6, 7 and 10.

vFigure 9 is a perspective view of the cover means used in the cornerassembly Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a vertical view, partly in section, showing the use ofmechanical means, in addition to impingement, to give rigidity to thestructure.

Figure 11 is a perspective view disclosing the adaptation of anotherstructural form of the.

members.

- Figure 12 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is a perspective View disclosing the adaptation of a furtherstructural form of the members.

Figure 14 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 13.

The complete window frame and sash havenot been shown in the drawings.However, it should be obvious that any sash possesses a plurality ofcorners, usually four in number, and that my invention would apply toany of such corners and that the detailed description herein as to onecorner, refers to all with the apparent variance required between aright hand and left hand application. The sash itself, preferably of thedouble hung type, as indicated in the drawings, is designed to operatewithin a frame with a fixed upper sash, but I do not confine myself tothis particular adaptation of my invention.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several viewsReferring to Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings, the sash corner structurehas a formed crossmember I substantially rectangular in crosssection,preferably witha hollow center, one side wall of which has an inturnedL-shaped elongation 2 and the adjoining side wall nearest saidelongation, has an obtrusion 3, the outside surfaces of said obtrusion 3and the inturned lip of the elongation 2 being substantially on the sameplane, forming a recess 4 for putty retention and providing a supportfor the glass pane.

The sash corner also has a formed side'rail 5 preferably with three sidewalls to save material.

Similarly, the side walls of the cross-member l the other end, of aheight substantially less than v the thickness of said side wall 8.Another side bers are determined by the size of the sash and theparticular application desired.

In preparing the members for joining, aportion of an end of thecross-member l is removed at substantially right angles to its axis,leaving the side elongation 8, in which a channel I3 is made toaccommodate the obtrusionS, and the slot I4;

and the grooves and 16 cut, at substantially right angles to the axisofsaid member, of suificient width and depth tolaccommodate the0btrusion II and the inturnedleg of-the elongation- 10, respectively. Aslot I! is cut in the end f the.

inner: wall of therail 5 of-sufiicient width and depth to accommodatethe stud I8 of the cover 34. This coverumember 34 is of sufficient sizeto cover the opening in the top of the rail 5, caused by its form whichis channel. shapedin crosssection, adding a finished appearance andpreventing the admission of foreign objects. It is held in position bythe substantially T formed stud I8 on its bottom side, which alsoassists in the mechanical joinery. In practice, the substantiallyrectangular cover 34 and the stud I8 are extruded as an integral piecebut they can be fastened together, as separate pieces, by other means,such as welding the upturned li on the cross bar of said stud [8 to thebase of the cover 34. The corner joinery is accomplished by placing theprepared end of the cross-member! in contact with the end of theside-rail 5, insert the stud IS in position with the recess H and thensliding and telescoping th two members into position, the elongation 8,channel l3 and grooves l5- and 16 in the member I intimately embracingorbeing embraced by the channel 1, obtrusions 9 and H and'inturned lipof the leg l0, and the cover held in position by the contact of the studl8 with the upper wall of th member I and the inner wall of the member 5as shown in the crosssectional view of Figure 5. In order to give theimmobility. of the membersresultingfrom their impingement, the obtrusionH is distorted, embossed, or other equivalents thereof, on both sides ofits point of contact with the inturned lip of the elongation 2 as shownat l9 and 20, respectively, and the upturned lip of the leg 6 isdistorted, embossed, or other equivalent thereof, at

member 1 shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5, inclusive, except that theobtrusion 3 has been elimi-: nated. The side rail 23 is similarto theside rail 5 shown in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, except that theobtrusions 9 and H have been eliminated.

Also, in preparing the ends of the member forjoining, the channel I3,slot 14 and groove 15 shown in Figure 2, have been eliminated in theycross-member 22. Movement of the members along the axis of the side railis preve n te d by mechanical-means, preferably thescrew 24,1111

greater rigidity to the structure and supplement-v .4 serted in the hole25 in the side rail and the hole 26 in the cover after the assembly ofthe members. Likewise, in the structural form shown in Figures 11 and12, the obtrusion 3 shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5, has been eliminated,as well as the groove l5 in the cross-member 21. In order to savematerial, in some instances it may be desirable to avoid the useoiaclosed structural form in the cross emember by leaving an openingbetween two of the sides as shown at 29'. Similarly, it is readilyapparent that that portion of the lower side of the cross-member I shownin Figure 3 between the obstrusion 3 and the side with the elongated leg2, can be eliminated without substantiallyafiecting the structuralstrength of the member and thereby secure a saving in material. also,the obtrusion ll, shown in Figures l, 2, 3 and 5, has been eliminatedfrom the side rail -28, Figures 11 and 12. Movement of the members alongthe axis-of the side rail is prevented by distortion as shown at 2| inFigure 5.

In Figures 13 andl4, the structural form of the members is similar tothat shown in Figures 1-1 and 12, with the addition of the channel 30 inthe,

exterior surface of the elongatedside ofthe crossmember3l to accommodateand embrace the in:-vv turned leg 33 of the side rail 32, therebyincreasing; the surface area impinging at the corner joint and alsocreating agreater locking action.

It is readily apparentthat a modified method; of embossing as showninFigure 5, or mechanical, means, shown in FigurelO, to prevent movement:of themembers along the axis-of the side-rail can beadapted toany of theillustrations; The terms, corner joinery and cornerj ointf-are usedherein synonymously.

While I have shown and described herein, for

illustrative purposes, a preferred and alternative embodiment of theinvention and method of prac-v ticing it, it shouldbe understood thatconsider able variation in the details of construction may be employedandthe method varied, without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention, as set forth in the following claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In combination with a: formed sash crossmember and a formedside-rail, channel shaped in cross-section, said cross-memberinterlocked at its end with the end of said side-rail, forming a, sashcorner, a formed cover comprising a substantially rectangular base witha substantially T-shaped stud having an upturned lip upon the.

cross-bar of said T attached to the bottom of said base, the end of anupper side wall of said crossmember being received between the. bottomof said base and the top of said stud, the downwardly 8X9. tending legof said stud abutting againstan ad-.

jacent side wall of the said side-rail, closingsaid channel in saidside-rail at its upper end, andmeans, including a screw inserted throughadjacent holes in said stud and side-rail, and retaining saidcross-member and side-frail in position relative to each other- 2. A-sash corner jointcomprising, combination, a corner-cap'member, anextruded sash cross member of generally rectangular tubular crosssection, one vertical wall of the tubular member being extendedlaterallyoutside the tube area and having integral therewith an inwardlyturned longitudinally extending. flange at right angle theretoconstituting. an abutment for a glass panel, an extruded sash side railmember of generallyv channelshape in cross. section, the

channel of which opens outwardly in the.plane.= "oithe sash, one channelsidewall being extended 5., beyond the channel bottom wall and having aninwardly turned longitudinally extending flange at right angle theretoconstituting an abutment for a glass panel, a second Wall portion of thetubular cross member being extended longitudinally beyond the otherthree wall portions thereof and having a lock recess in its terminaledge, one channel wall of the side rail member having a flange turnedoutwardly thence inturned inwardly to snugly embrace said extended wallportion of the cross member, a detent struck out from said inturnedflange bent into said lock recess, the cross member having a recess nearan end thereof extending transversely of the aforesaid cross memberinturned flange and the said extended wall with which it is integral,the first said flange of said side rail member snugly fitted into saidtransverse recess, th cap member having a plate portion covering the endof the channel member, a leg depending from said plate portion adjacentsaid channel member, and means locking said leg immovably relatively tothe cross and side rail members.

3. A sash corner joint comprising, in combination, a corner cap member,an extruded sash cross member of generally rectangular tubular crosssection, one vertical wall of the tubular member being extendedlaterally outside the tube area and having integral therewith aninwardly turned longitudinally extending flange at right angle theretoconstituting an abutment for a glass panel, an extruded sash side railmember of generally channel shape in cross section, the channel of whichopens outwardly in the plane of the sash, one channel side wall beingextended beyond the channel bottom wall and having an inwardly turnedlongitudinally extending flange at right angle thereto constituting anabutment for a glass panel, a second wall portion of the tubular crossmember being extended longitudinally beyond the other three wallportions thereof and having a lock recess in its terminal edge, onechannel wall of the side rail member having a flange turned outwardlythence inturned inwardly to snugly embrace said extended wall portion ofthe cross member, a detent struck out from said inturned flange bentinto said lock recess, the cross member having a recess near an endthereof extending transversely of the aforesaid cross member inturnedflange and the said extended wall with which it is integral, the firstsaid flange of said side rail member snugly fitted into said transverserecess, the cap member having a plate portion covering the end of thechannel member, and means retaining said cap member immovably relativelyto the side rail and cross members.

4. A sash corner joint comprising, in combination, an extruded sashcross member of generally tubular cross section, one vertical wall ofthe tubular member being extended laterally outside of the tubular areaand having integral therewith an inwardly turned longitudinally xtendingflange at right angle thereto constituting an abutment for a glasspanel, an extruded sash side rail member of generally channel shape incross section positioned with the channel opening outwardly in the planeof the sash, one channel side wall being extended beyond the channelbottom wall and having an inwardly turned longitudinally extendingflange at right angle thereto constituting an abutment for a glasspanel, and a second vertical wall portion of the tubular memberoverlapping and lying in snug contact with the second side channel wallof the side rail member and means restraining these two walls againstrelative movement, the cross member having a slot near the corner endthereof extending transwith an inwardly turned longitudinally extendingflange at right angle thereto constituting an abutment for a glasspanel, an extruded sash side rail member 01 generally channel shape incross section positioned with the channel opening outwardlyin the planeof the sash, one channel side wall being extended beyond the'channelbottom wall and having an inwardly turned longitudinally extendingflange at right angle thereto constituting an abutment for a glasspanel, and a second vertical wall portion of the tubular memberoverlapping and lying in snug contact with the second side channel wallof the side rail member and means restraining these two walls againstrelative movement, the cross member having a slot near the corner endthereof extending transversely through its own inturned flange and thewall with which said flange is integral, said slot snugly receiving theinwardly turned longitudinal flange of the sash side rail, and meansclosing the end of the channel of the side rail at the corner.

6. A sash corner joint comprising a crossmember, substantiallyrectangular in cross-section, with one side wall thereof having anelongated, inturned leg and a transverse groove across said side walland leg accommodating an inturned leg of a side-rail, the side wall ofsaid cross-member opposite the first above mentioned side-wall having anelongation with a slot in its end and a transverse channel in itsexterior face accommodating an inturned end portion of a leg of aside-rail; a side-rail, channel shaped in cross-section, having twoopposite substantially parallel side walls, one of said side wallshaving an outwardly extending leg with an inturned end portion and theother side wall, an inturned leg, the end of said cross-member slidablyengaging the end of said side-rail forming the sash corner, the sidewall elongation of said crossmember abutting said outwardly extendingleg of said side-rail, the inturned end portion of said leg beingdisposed in said transverse channel in said elongation of thecross-member side-wall, and the other inturned leg of said side-raildisposed in said transverse groove on said crossmember; and meansretaining said cross-member and side-rail in position relative to eachother.

7. A sash corner joint comprising a crossmember, substantiallyrectangular in cross-section, with one side wall thereof having anelongated, inturned leg and a transverse groove across said side walland leg accommodating an inturned leg of a side-rail, the side wall ofsaid cross-member opposite the first above mentioned side wall having anelongation with a slot in its end and a transverse channel on itsinterior face adjacent to the ends of two webs adjoining theaforementioned side walls, one of said webs having a longitudinalopening therein; a side-rail, channel-shaped in cross-section, havingtwo subinner wall, one of said side-walls having an out- .wardly turnedleg and obtrusion, and the other side-wall; an inturned-leg, andzthe-emiofth'e interconnecting. inner. wall having. a; recess; at,commodatingsthestudoft ecovermeans, the end ofsaid. cross-memberslidably; engaging the; end

Ofsaid sideerail; forming the; sash: corner, the side wall elongatien ofsaidcrossemember-abutrting.:theoutwardly; turned leg of said siderrailwith! said obtrusion disposed. insaid transverse. channel in. the.interior: face. of; said; elongation, V

and the; inturned leg of said sidei-raildisposedxin said transversegroove in said cross-memberyand means retaining saidcross-member;andside-rail.

in position relaisiveto. each other.

WARD P.- KESSLER- REFERENCES; CITED Thefollowing references are of'record' in the file "ofthis atent:

83' sums PATENTS;

' Number Number Name Date- Hunter Sept; 6,- 1910 Anderson Mar. 2'7, 1917Hahn May 23'; 1922 Kihm Nov; 17, I925 Burr, J1. M'ar. 2-8, 1939'Cranshaw- Mar; 28, 1939 Wolf Feb. 25'; 194W FOREIGN PATENTS CountryDate: GreattBritain .k V 1891 V

